The Role of Digital Health Technologies in Combating MDR-TB: Promising Innovations and Future Strategies

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains one of the most challenging public health problems, and multidrug‑resistant TB (MDR‑TB) in particular adds to the challenge we face. In 2023, about 400,000 people were diagnosed with MDR-TB, and Approximately 150,000 people died from MDR-TB, highlighting the ongoing global challenge in its prevention and treatment. This review aims to explore how current digital health technologies such as smartphone applications, tele-monitoring systems, and biometric tracking tools, which may support early case detection, enhance treatment adherence, and improve outcomes for patients with MDR-TB. Particular attention is given to vulnerable groups, including people living with HIV, mobile populations, and caregivers of young children. Recent studies highlight the growing effectiveness of digital health interventions in MDR-TB management. simple SMS prompts and video check‑ins can enhance treatment completion rates by 20–30% compared to traditional directly observed therapy. Moreover, early trials of mobile health (mHealth) applications, including platforms like TOMO, indicate these tools can effectively monitor side effects and maintain patient engagement with healthcare providers, supporting the feasibility of broader, long-term implementation.

Summary: To ensure all patient populations benefit, digital health innovations must be supported by robust trials, clear implementation plans, and equitable access. AI-powered diagnostics and adherence technologies present promising opportunities in managing MDR-TB.